Basic paub txog sludge composting

Qhov sib xyaw ntawm sludge yog complex, nrog ntau qhov chaw thiab hom.Tam sim no, txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev pov tseg cov sludge hauv ntiaj teb yog sludge landfill, sludge incineration, av siv cov peev txheej, thiab lwm yam kev kho mob.Ntau txoj kev pov tseg muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov, nrog rau cov txheeb ze tsis zoo.Piv txwv li, sludge landfill yuav muaj teeb meem xws li nyuaj mechanical compaction, nyuaj filtrate kho, thiab muaj kuab paug loj;sludge incineration muaj teeb meem xws li kev siv hluav taws xob siab, cov nqi kho mob siab, thiab kev tsim cov pa phem dioxin gases;Kev siv yog los daws cov teeb meem xws li lub voj voog ntev thiab thaj chaw loj.Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev ua tiav ntawm sludge tsis muaj teeb meem, txo qis, kev siv cov peev txheej, thiab kev kho kom ruaj khov yog ib qho teeb meem ib puag ncig uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis tu ncua thiab txhim kho.

Sludge aerobic composting technology:
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, sludge aerobic composting technology tau siv rau kev pov tseg sludge.Nws yog ib qho tsis muaj teeb meem, ntim-txo, thiab stabilizing sludge kev kho kev siv tshuab.Vim nws txoj kev siv ntau yam rau cov khoom fermented (kev siv av hav zoov, kev siv kev tsim vaj tsev, kev siv cov av npog av, thiab lwm yam), kev nqis peev tsawg thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam, muaj ntau yam kev siv thiab lwm yam kev txhawj xeeb.Muaj peb yam txheej txheem composting, uas yog: stacking type, bin / trough type, thiab reactor.Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tias lub zej zog microbial decomposes thiab hloov cov organic teeb meem hauv cov sludge mus rau carbon dioxide, dej, inorganic teeb meem, thiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov roj ntsha nyob rau hauv cov khoom tsim nyog, noo noo thiab qhov cua, tso lub zog tib lub sijhawm, thiab txhim kho cov khoom. pov tseg rau hauv qhov ruaj khov.Humus, txhim kho sludge chiv cov ntsiab lus.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau sludge composting:
Muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm sludge, tab sis qee qhov tsis haum raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv rau composting.Ua ntej, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua tiav:
1. Cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav tsis tshaj tus qauv;2. Nws yog biodegradable;3. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov organic tsis tuaj yeem qis dhau, tsawg kawg yog ntau tshaj 40%.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sludge composting:
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog cov txheej txheem ntawm humification ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab los ntawm kev ua ntawm aerobic microorganisms nyob rau hauv aerobic tej yam kev mob.Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov tshuaj soluble hauv cov sludge tau ncaj qha absorbed los ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes thiab cov cell membranes ntawm cov kab mob;Qhov thib ob, cov insoluble colloidal organic tshuaj yog adsorbed sab nraum cov kab mob, decomposed rau hauv soluble tshuaj los ntawm extracellular enzymes secreted los ntawm cov kab mob, thiab ces infiltrated mus rau hauv lub hlwb.Microorganisms nqa tawm catabolism thiab anabolism los ntawm lawv tus kheej lub neej metabolic kev ua ub no, oxidize ib feem ntawm absorbed organic teeb meem rau hauv yooj yim inorganic tshuaj, thiab tso tawm lub zog uas yuav tsum tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm lom;synthesize lwm ib feem ntawm cov organic teeb meem rau hauv cov cellular tshuaj tshiab, thiaj li hais tias microorganism txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, tsim ntau yam kab mob.

Hybrid preprocessing:
Kho qhov loj me me, noo noo, thiab carbon-nitrogen piv ntawm cov khoom, thiab ntxiv cov kab mob tib lub sijhawm los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov txheej txheem fermentation.

Primary fermentation (composting):
Decompose volatile tshuaj nyob rau hauv pov tseg, tua kab mob qe thiab cov kab mob pathogenic microorganisms, thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev puas tsuaj.Thaum cov ntsiab lus noo noo txo, cov organic teeb meem yog decomposed thiab mineralized tso N, P, K, thiab lwm yam as-ham, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov khoom ntawm cov organic khoom yuav xoob thiab dispersed.

Secondary fermentation (decomposed):
Cov organic khib nyiab tom qab thawj zaug compost fermentation tseem tsis tau txog kev loj hlob thiab yuav tsum tau mus txuas ntxiv mus rau theem nrab fermentation, uas yog, kev laus.Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev laus yog kom ntxiv decompose, stabilize thiab qhuav qhov seem macromolecular organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov organic teeb meem kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov txheej txheem chiv tom ntej.